Observed frequency: f_obs = f_emit × (α_obs / α_emit). Temperature mapping: T_now = T_emit / (1+z) with 1+z = α_emit/α_obs.
Photons: M = 0 (no temporal buffer)
Controls
Derived (instant)
Frequency ratio
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Redshift z
—
1 + z
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Temperature mapping
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Redshift here is purely the α-ratio. Photons remain non‑buffered; the apparent frequency change is read at detection via pacing in M and angle.
Emitted phase train (reference)
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Observed phase train (after α‑history)
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Interference Controls
Derived (instant)
Relative intensity
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Visibility
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Interference lives at the field/reconciliation layer: many non‑buffered photon commits superpose. The photon never stores phase; the field does the bookkeeping.